Bromchoscopy

Bromchoscopy

Bromchoscopy
 It is the direct visualisation of the trachiobronchial tree by an endoscopic instrument
2 types_
1>rigid
2>flexible

indications
A)dignostic-a)to find out d cause of wheezing haemoptysis & pulmonary pneumonia
b)malignancy
c)tb
d)tracheobronchial foreign bodies
B)theraputic
a)removal of foreign body
b)removal of secretions or mucus plug in case of head injury & chest trauma
c)excision of granulations & small tumors
d)dilatation of tracheal stenosis
contraindications=
emergency bronchoscopy has no contraindication
    elective bronchoscopy has following contraindications
1)trismus may make d procedure difficult
2)diseases of cervical vertible column
3)aortic aneurysm
4)haemoptysis
investigations=
1)radiography
2)ct scan
3)sputum exam
4)tomography& bronchography
5)general-fitness
Procedure=
A>anasthesia-
rigid-general anaesthesia
flexible fibre optic-local anaesthdsia
 B>positinn-supine position with flexion of d neck & extension of d head
Steps=
1>introduction-lips r retracted.scope is passed transorally along the tounge till epiglotis is seen...Then it is passed into laryngeal inlet
2)tracheo bronchial tree-it is passed down into larynx & trachea it is confirmed by visualisation of tracheal ring & d movement of chest
Complications=
1)cardiac arrest
2)respiratory arrest
3)dislocation of cervical vertibal column
4)recurrance of residual disease
5)damage to teeth tounge